Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte. Všímajte si použitie slov could, should a ought to.

    11 It shouldn't take long.
    16 Shouldn't he get another chance?
    15 Could I have another beer?
    14 Who else could do it?
    10 We ought not to forget that.
    2 How could he know that?
    12 Why couldn't they do it?
    8 Don't tell him! - Why shouldn't I?
    4 You shouldn't eat so much.
    3 He should look after her.
    9 They ought to be careful.
    6 Why should he help us?
    13 What else should we bring?
    1 Could you wait a minute?
    5 How should I know?
    7 Who should I turn to?

    Pozor na slova other ˈʌðə a another əˈnʌðə! Obe znamenajú ďalší či iný. Another sa ale viaže iba k jednotnému číslu počítateľných podstatných mien a vyjadruje dodatočnosť či odlišnosť. Napr.: another beer, another week, another time (niekedy inokedy) ap. Other sa spája s množným číslom a nepočítateľnými podstatnými menami a znamená ostatní (zostávajúci). Napr.: other people, other things, other information ap. Another netvorí zápor s no ani otázku s any a treba potom namiesto neho použiť slovo other. Napr.: There's no other way., Is there any other way? ap. Zámeno (the) others ˈʌðəz znamená (tí) ostatní, druhí (v skupine ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte na otázky podľa obrázka.

    Exercise 2
    5 Is the man wearing a watch tall or short?
    1 How many people in the picture have dark hair?
    10 Who's wearing a long white sweater?
    8 What colour is the short dress of woman no. 4?
    6 Who's wearing glasses?
    13 How many people are wearing something around their neck?
    9 Who's the shortest in the picture?
    3 What colour is the cap of the blonde woman?
    11 Are the trousers of the woman in the middle blue?
    12 Which woman is wearing a shirt?
    7 Is the woman on the left wearing high heels?
    4 Does the man in black jacket have a beard?
    2 Is the tall man young or old?

    Termín trousers je britský. V americkej angličtine sú nohavice pants pænts. Pozor! V britskej angličtine sú ale pants (pánske) spodky.

    Exercise 3

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    • Preložte pomocou should. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Mali by sme sa poponáhľať.
    hurry
    1 Nemal by si mu veriť.
    believe
    3 Prečo by som mal zostávať doma?
    stay at home
    4 To by nemal byť problém.
    (no) problem
    2 Mám to otvoriť?
    open
    8 Malo by to byť omnoho lacnejšie.
    much cheaper
    7 Nemal by jej to dávať.
    give, to her
    5 Mal by byť naspäť o desať minút.
    be back

    Exercise 4

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    • Povedzte pomocou should, čo by mal niekto v danej situácii robiť.

    1 John gets up at 7 and is usually late for school. get up, early
    3 Frank drinks too much alcohol. not, drink so much
    2 Bob and Jane are late. hurry up
    8 Eve is still sleeping. somebody, wake up
    5 His parents don't have enough money. work, harder
    6 Jane wants to go there alone. not, alone
    7 Bob often forgets to wash his hands. not forget
    9 Jack mustn't know about that! nobody, tell
    4 He doesn't help his mum very much. help, more
    12 The phone is ringing. I, pick it up?
    10 The TV is broken. somebody, repair
    11 The kids watch TV every day. not, watch TV, so often

    Exercise 5

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    • Preložte. Všímajte si použitie podmienkových viet a časov.

    2 He'll be fat if he eats too much.
    10 If she comes, I'll call you.
    9 You shouldn't enter unless they tell you.
    8 If he finds out, he'll be angry.
    5 If I have time, I'll come.
    1 If I see her, I'll tell her.
    12 He won't make enough money unless he works twelve hours a day.
    7 He'll do it if you ask him.
    4 Don't buy it unless you really need it.
    3 You won't get there unless you have a ticket.
    6 He won't do it unless we help him.
    11 I won't buy it unless it costs less than 20 dollars.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte správne slovo.

    5 Do you wear glasses? Yes, but I'm not them today.
    6 It's freezing today. The temperature is zero.
    4 She speaks neither English Spanish.
    1 Is she tall? Yes, she is a head than me!
    10 How come there were no women the guests?
    8 It's too hard for her. I think that we help her.
    3 Either you call him I'll do it.
    7 You'd ask somebody if you don't know.
    9 It's too late. We'd go now.
    2 She eats nor drinks and she looks tired.

    Naučte sa užitočné ustálené spojenie: How come? Po slovensky znamená: Ako to?

    Exercise 7

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    • Preložte podmienkové súvetia - zero conditional. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Ak si hladný, tak sa najedz. be hungry, eat something
    2 Ak to chce, nech mi zavolá. want, let, call
    3 Ak máte záujem, dajte mi vedieť. be interested, let know
    8 Ak ti nie je dobre, choď k doktorovi. not feel well, go to the doctor's
    5 Ak potrebujú peniaze, nech požiadajú rodičov. need money, ask their parents
    7 Keď dosť nespíš, cítiš sa unavený. not sleep enough, feel tired
    6 Keď sa poponáhľaš, stihneš to. hurry, you, can make it
    9 Keď veľa ješ, tak tlstneš. eat too much, get fat
    1 Ak to vieš, tak to povedz! know, say

    Get fat znamená stlstnúť, stučnieť - stať sa tlstým (fat je tlstý, ale tiež tučný).

    Exercise 8

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky do podmienkových súvetí.

    • 1 If you're cold,
    • 2 Don't eat it
    • 3 If he's still sleeping,
    • 4 She should have a rest
    • 5 If he needs to speak to her,
    • 6 We should hurry up
    • 7 If you don't know,
    • 8 You'll be tired,
    • h he should call her.
    • d if you don't like it.
    • c you should get dressed.
    • b if she feels tired.
    • f ask somebody.
    • e if we want to catch the bus.
    • a you should wake him up.
    • g if you don't sleep enough.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodnú predložku.

    6 I'm leaving for/to/at work in ten minutes.
    10 Is it far from here? No, It's just over/around/behind the corner.
    7 He's usually at/in/on home among/between/behind 4 and 8 p.m.
    12 Temperatures will be over/above/beyond zero.
    13 She stood on/by/to the window. I could see her from outside.
    8 Don't sit at/on/in the floor. Let's sit at/to/next that table.
    15 Only children above/beyond/over 15 years old can go there.
    11 I couldn't see her between/among/from the other students.
    4 She isn't used at/for/to working hard.
    1 I'll wait on/for/at you on/at/to the airport.
    14 There's somebody past/behind/beyond the door. I can hear it.
    5 We'll meet before/beside/outside the shop.
    2 What can you see on/in/to the photo?
    3 He went at/to/for work but I'm still on/in/at bed.
    9 I won't be on/at/to work tomorrow.

    Slovo over je aj prídavné meno a tvorí dôležité ustálené spojenie be over - skončiť, byť na konci. Napr.: It's (all) over. - “Je po všetkom., Je koniec.” ap.

    Exercise 10

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Dajte pozor na správne predložky.

    1 Idem do práce.
    5 Daj to do auta.
    9 Bob zajtra odchádza do Londýna.
    14 Žijú mimo mesto.
    3 Frank je stále v práci.
    13 Sú medzi nimi nejaké deti?
    7 Vonku je pod nulou.
    11 Aký je medzi nimi rozdiel?
    12 Čo je za týmito dverami?
    2 O koľkej odchádzaš do školy?
    8 Môžem sedieť medzi vami?
    10 Môžem si sadnúť vedľa teba?
    4 Budem u mamy.
    15 Choďte až za most a odbočte vľavo.
    6 Vytiahni to z tašky.

    Rozumiete tomuto citátu?: Once we accept our limits, we go beyond them. (Môžete použiť slovník - once tu znamená keď) Viete, kto je jeho autorom?

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    7 Take it of the bags and put it the car.
    6 What is the difference them?
    2 If he isn't inside the house, he must be (the house).
    9 I couldn't see her all the people. She's very short.
    1 The bus is in front of the car, so the car is the bus.
    4 If there are 20 people. There won't be enough room.
    10 I hope that the problems are us now. I'm tired of it.
    5 Do you mind if I sit next you?
    8 You can get inside that door.
    3 My mum is still work and my brother is school.

    Slová inside a outside sú v angličtine aj príslovky vnútri a vonku.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte.

    8 Keď budeš veľa jesť, budeš tučný.
    5 Čo budeme robiť, ak John nepríde?
    4 Bude nahnevaná, ak tam pôjdeš.
    2 Ak to pošle, dám ti vedieť.
    1 Ak máš strach, zostaň doma.
    3 Nerob to, pokiaľ ti nepoviem.
    6 Kto to urobí, keď ona odíde?
    10 Kúpim mu psa, pokiaľ sa o neho bude starať.
    9 Pokiaľ to bude možné, urobím to.
    7 Ak nebude pršať, pôjdeme von.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte can, could alebo should.

    9 We'll all be there. Will you môcť come?
    1 It's ten to six. The bus by mal be here in ten minutes.
    4 It's dangerous. Children by nemali use it.
    6 I really don't like him. I nemôžem stand him.
    10 How long will it take? – It nemalo by take long.
    5 She's too young. Someone by mal help her.
    2 John knows that. He by mohol help you.
    3 He was old and nemohol get up.
    7 Children môžu cause problems.
    8 We need help. Who by sme sa mali we turn to?

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte.

    1 Mohli by ste mi to poslať?
    14 Buď mu to povieš ty alebo ja!
    7 Mal byť späť medzi 6. a 7.
    8 Mal by som už radšej ísť.
    12 Nosíte okuliare?
    4 Nemal by si tu fajčiť.
    6 To by nemal byť problém.
    11 Má na sebe červené šaty. (ona)
    16 Nezaujímam sa o autá.
    15 Ako sa vám to páčilo?
    2 Budem doma o šiestej (večer).
    9 Mal by si byť opatrnejší.
    13 Som zvyknutý na skoré vstávanie.
    10 Mali by s tým niečo robiť.
    5 Mohol by som sa k vám pridať?
    3 Bolo to včera v televízii.
    18 Pripadalo mi to celkom zaujímavé.
    17 Choďte hore po schodoch.

    Termínom handsome ˈhændsəm, ktorým naznačujeme príjemné, ostré rysy, označujeme hlavne mužov. V spojitosti so ženami a deťmi sa používa skôr pretty ˈprɪtɪ (pekný), alebo silnejšie beautiful ˈbjuːtɪfəl (krásny), pretože naznačujú jemné rysy. Oboma výrazmi možno označiť i veci, miesta ap. Attractive əˈtræktɪv (príťažlivý) a good-looking gʊdˈlʊkɪŋ (pekný) sa vzťahuje ako na mužov, tak aj na ženy.

    Spojenie: by my watch znamená: podľa mojich hodiniek (je toľko hodín.) My watch is slow. znamená: Idú mi pozadu hodinky. (slow - pomalý) Naopak: My watch is fast. je: Hodinky mi idú dopredu. (fast - rýchly)