Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte. Všímajte si použitie slov could, should a ought to.

    1 Could you wait a minute?
    4 You shouldn't eat so much.
    5 How should I know?
    9 They ought to be careful.
    16 Shouldn't he get another chance?
    3 He should look after her.
    10 We ought not to forget that.
    15 Could I have another beer?
    8 Don't tell him! - Why shouldn't I?
    7 Who should I turn to?
    11 It shouldn't take long.
    13 What else should we bring?
    2 How could he know that?
    14 Who else could do it?
    6 Why should he help us?
    12 Why couldn't they do it?

    Pozor na slova other ˈʌðə a another əˈnʌðə! Obe znamenajú ďalší či iný. Another sa ale viaže iba k jednotnému číslu počítateľných podstatných mien a vyjadruje dodatočnosť či odlišnosť. Napr.: another beer, another week, another time (niekedy inokedy) ap. Other sa spája s množným číslom a nepočítateľnými podstatnými menami a znamená ostatní (zostávajúci). Napr.: other people, other things, other information ap. Another netvorí zápor s no ani otázku s any a treba potom namiesto neho použiť slovo other. Napr.: There's no other way., Is there any other way? ap. Zámeno (the) others ˈʌðəz znamená (tí) ostatní, druhí (v skupine ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte na otázky podľa obrázka.

    Exercise 2
    9 Who's the shortest in the picture?
    10 Who's wearing a long white sweater?
    5 Is the man wearing a watch tall or short?
    1 How many people in the picture have dark hair?
    4 Does the man in black jacket have a beard?
    2 Is the tall man young or old?
    3 What colour is the cap of the blonde woman?
    13 How many people are wearing something around their neck?
    11 Are the trousers of the woman in the middle blue?
    12 Which woman is wearing a shirt?
    6 Who's wearing glasses?
    7 Is the woman on the left wearing high heels?
    8 What colour is the short dress of woman no. 4?

    Termín trousers je britský. V americkej angličtine sú nohavice pants pænts. Pozor! V britskej angličtine sú ale pants (pánske) spodky.

    Exercise 3

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    • Preložte pomocou should. Využite pomôcky.

    4 To by nemal byť problém.
    (no) problem
    1 Nemal by si mu veriť.
    believe
    3 Prečo by som mal zostávať doma?
    stay at home
    8 Malo by to byť omnoho lacnejšie.
    much cheaper
    5 Mal by byť naspäť o desať minút.
    be back
    2 Mám to otvoriť?
    open
    7 Nemal by jej to dávať.
    give, to her
    6 Mali by sme sa poponáhľať.
    hurry

    Exercise 4

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    • Povedzte pomocou should, čo by mal niekto v danej situácii robiť.

    5 His parents don't have enough money. work, harder
    3 Frank drinks too much alcohol. not, drink so much
    10 The TV is broken. somebody, repair
    2 Bob and Jane are late. hurry up
    4 He doesn't help his mum very much. help, more
    7 Bob often forgets to wash his hands. not forget
    11 The kids watch TV every day. not, watch TV, so often
    1 John gets up at 7 and is usually late for school. get up, early
    9 Jack mustn't know about that! nobody, tell
    8 Eve is still sleeping. somebody, wake up
    12 The phone is ringing. I, pick it up?
    6 Jane wants to go there alone. not, alone

    Exercise 5

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    • Preložte. Všímajte si použitie podmienkových viet a časov.

    5 If I have time, I'll come.
    7 He'll do it if you ask him.
    6 He won't do it unless we help him.
    9 You shouldn't enter unless they tell you.
    12 He won't make enough money unless he works twelve hours a day.
    4 Don't buy it unless you really need it.
    11 I won't buy it unless it costs less than 20 dollars.
    10 If she comes, I'll call you.
    1 If I see her, I'll tell her.
    2 He'll be fat if he eats too much.
    8 If he finds out, he'll be angry.
    3 You won't get there unless you have a ticket.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte správne slovo.

    3 Either you call him I'll do it.
    5 Do you wear glasses? Yes, but I'm not them today.
    1 Is she tall? Yes, she is a head than me!
    2 She eats nor drinks and she looks tired.
    4 She speaks neither English Spanish.
    6 It's freezing today. The temperature is zero.
    9 It's too late. We'd go now.
    10 How come there were no women the guests?
    8 It's too hard for her. I think that we help her.
    7 You'd ask somebody if you don't know.

    Naučte sa užitočné ustálené spojenie: How come? Po slovensky znamená: Ako to?

    Exercise 7

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    • Preložte podmienkové súvetia - zero conditional. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Ak máte záujem, dajte mi vedieť. be interested, let know
    5 Ak potrebujú peniaze, nech požiadajú rodičov. need money, ask their parents
    1 Ak to vieš, tak to povedz! know, say
    9 Keď veľa ješ, tak tlstneš. eat too much, get fat
    6 Keď sa poponáhľaš, stihneš to. hurry, you, can make it
    4 Ak si hladný, tak sa najedz. be hungry, eat something
    2 Ak to chce, nech mi zavolá. want, let, call
    7 Keď dosť nespíš, cítiš sa unavený. not sleep enough, feel tired
    8 Ak ti nie je dobre, choď k doktorovi. not feel well, go to the doctor's

    Get fat znamená stlstnúť, stučnieť - stať sa tlstým (fat je tlstý, ale tiež tučný).

    Exercise 8

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky do podmienkových súvetí.

    • 1 If you're cold,
    • 2 Don't eat it
    • 3 If he's still sleeping,
    • 4 She should have a rest
    • 5 If he needs to speak to her,
    • 6 We should hurry up
    • 7 If you don't know,
    • 8 You'll be tired,
    • e if we want to catch the bus.
    • d if you don't like it.
    • g if you don't sleep enough.
    • b if she feels tired.
    • a you should wake him up.
    • h he should call her.
    • f ask somebody.
    • c you should get dressed.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodnú predložku.

    13 She stood on/by/to the window. I could see her from outside.
    2 What can you see on/in/to the photo?
    7 He's usually at/in/on home among/between/behind 4 and 8 p.m.
    5 We'll meet before/beside/outside the shop.
    3 He went at/to/for work but I'm still on/in/at bed.
    14 There's somebody past/behind/beyond the door. I can hear it.
    8 Don't sit at/on/in the floor. Let's sit at/to/next that table.
    10 Is it far from here? No, It's just over/around/behind the corner.
    1 I'll wait on/for/at you on/at/to the airport.
    4 She isn't used at/for/to working hard.
    12 Temperatures will be over/above/beyond zero.
    9 I won't be on/at/to work tomorrow.
    6 I'm leaving for/to/at work in ten minutes.
    15 Only children above/beyond/over 15 years old can go there.
    11 I couldn't see her between/among/from the other students.

    Slovo over je aj prídavné meno a tvorí dôležité ustálené spojenie be over - skončiť, byť na konci. Napr.: It's (all) over. - “Je po všetkom., Je koniec.” ap.

    Exercise 10

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Dajte pozor na správne predložky.

    13 Sú medzi nimi nejaké deti?
    4 Budem u mamy.
    15 Choďte až za most a odbočte vľavo.
    14 Žijú mimo mesto.
    6 Vytiahni to z tašky.
    5 Daj to do auta.
    12 Čo je za týmito dverami?
    2 O koľkej odchádzaš do školy?
    9 Bob zajtra odchádza do Londýna.
    7 Vonku je pod nulou.
    10 Môžem si sadnúť vedľa teba?
    3 Frank je stále v práci.
    1 Idem do práce.
    8 Môžem sedieť medzi vami?
    11 Aký je medzi nimi rozdiel?

    Rozumiete tomuto citátu?: Once we accept our limits, we go beyond them. (Môžete použiť slovník - once tu znamená keď) Viete, kto je jeho autorom?

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    7 Take it of the bags and put it the car.
    8 You can get inside that door.
    3 My mum is still work and my brother is school.
    9 I couldn't see her all the people. She's very short.
    6 What is the difference them?
    2 If he isn't inside the house, he must be (the house).
    5 Do you mind if I sit next you?
    1 The bus is in front of the car, so the car is the bus.
    4 If there are 20 people. There won't be enough room.
    10 I hope that the problems are us now. I'm tired of it.

    Slová inside a outside sú v angličtine aj príslovky vnútri a vonku.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte.

    10 Kúpim mu psa, pokiaľ sa o neho bude starať.
    9 Pokiaľ to bude možné, urobím to.
    8 Keď budeš veľa jesť, budeš tučný.
    1 Ak máš strach, zostaň doma.
    4 Bude nahnevaná, ak tam pôjdeš.
    7 Ak nebude pršať, pôjdeme von.
    2 Ak to pošle, dám ti vedieť.
    6 Kto to urobí, keď ona odíde?
    5 Čo budeme robiť, ak John nepríde?
    3 Nerob to, pokiaľ ti nepoviem.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte can, could alebo should.

    5 She's too young. Someone by mal help her.
    6 I really don't like him. I nemôžem stand him.
    7 Children môžu cause problems.
    2 John knows that. He by mohol help you.
    8 We need help. Who by sme sa mali we turn to?
    3 He was old and nemohol get up.
    1 It's ten to six. The bus by mal be here in ten minutes.
    10 How long will it take? – It nemalo by take long.
    9 We'll all be there. Will you môcť come?
    4 It's dangerous. Children by nemali use it.

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte.

    9 Mal by si byť opatrnejší.
    11 Má na sebe červené šaty. (ona)
    17 Choďte hore po schodoch.
    10 Mali by s tým niečo robiť.
    13 Som zvyknutý na skoré vstávanie.
    8 Mal by som už radšej ísť.
    5 Mohol by som sa k vám pridať?
    14 Buď mu to povieš ty alebo ja!
    18 Pripadalo mi to celkom zaujímavé.
    16 Nezaujímam sa o autá.
    12 Nosíte okuliare?
    2 Budem doma o šiestej (večer).
    15 Ako sa vám to páčilo?
    7 Mal byť späť medzi 6. a 7.
    1 Mohli by ste mi to poslať?
    4 Nemal by si tu fajčiť.
    6 To by nemal byť problém.
    3 Bolo to včera v televízii.

    Termínom handsome ˈhændsəm, ktorým naznačujeme príjemné, ostré rysy, označujeme hlavne mužov. V spojitosti so ženami a deťmi sa používa skôr pretty ˈprɪtɪ (pekný), alebo silnejšie beautiful ˈbjuːtɪfəl (krásny), pretože naznačujú jemné rysy. Oboma výrazmi možno označiť i veci, miesta ap. Attractive əˈtræktɪv (príťažlivý) a good-looking gʊdˈlʊkɪŋ (pekný) sa vzťahuje ako na mužov, tak aj na ženy.

    Spojenie: by my watch znamená: podľa mojich hodiniek (je toľko hodín.) My watch is slow. znamená: Idú mi pozadu hodinky. (slow - pomalý) Naopak: My watch is fast. je: Hodinky mi idú dopredu. (fast - rýchly)