Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte. Všímajte si použitie slov could, should a ought to.

    1 Could you wait a minute?
    2 How could he know that?
    10 We ought not to forget that.
    3 He should look after her.
    4 You shouldn't eat so much.
    6 Why should he help us?
    15 Could I have another beer?
    8 Don't tell him! - Why shouldn't I?
    16 Shouldn't he get another chance?
    5 How should I know?
    12 Why couldn't they do it?
    11 It shouldn't take long.
    14 Who else could do it?
    7 Who should I turn to?
    9 They ought to be careful.
    13 What else should we bring?

    Pozor na slova other ˈʌðə a another əˈnʌðə! Obe znamenajú ďalší či iný. Another sa ale viaže iba k jednotnému číslu počítateľných podstatných mien a vyjadruje dodatočnosť či odlišnosť. Napr.: another beer, another week, another time (niekedy inokedy) ap. Other sa spája s množným číslom a nepočítateľnými podstatnými menami a znamená ostatní (zostávajúci). Napr.: other people, other things, other information ap. Another netvorí zápor s no ani otázku s any a treba potom namiesto neho použiť slovo other. Napr.: There's no other way., Is there any other way? ap. Zámeno (the) others ˈʌðəz znamená (tí) ostatní, druhí (v skupine ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte na otázky podľa obrázka.

    Exercise 2
    3 What colour is the cap of the blonde woman?
    10 Who's wearing a long white sweater?
    5 Is the man wearing a watch tall or short?
    6 Who's wearing glasses?
    2 Is the tall man young or old?
    12 Which woman is wearing a shirt?
    7 Is the woman on the left wearing high heels?
    4 Does the man in black jacket have a beard?
    11 Are the trousers of the woman in the middle blue?
    1 How many people in the picture have dark hair?
    8 What colour is the short dress of woman no. 4?
    13 How many people are wearing something around their neck?
    9 Who's the shortest in the picture?

    Termín trousers je britský. V americkej angličtine sú nohavice pants pænts. Pozor! V britskej angličtine sú ale pants (pánske) spodky.

    Exercise 3

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    • Preložte pomocou should. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Mal by byť naspäť o desať minút.
    be back
    2 Mám to otvoriť?
    open
    8 Malo by to byť omnoho lacnejšie.
    much cheaper
    3 Prečo by som mal zostávať doma?
    stay at home
    7 Nemal by jej to dávať.
    give, to her
    1 Nemal by si mu veriť.
    believe
    4 To by nemal byť problém.
    (no) problem
    6 Mali by sme sa poponáhľať.
    hurry

    Exercise 4

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    • Povedzte pomocou should, čo by mal niekto v danej situácii robiť.

    12 The phone is ringing. I, pick it up?
    11 The kids watch TV every day. not, watch TV, so often
    10 The TV is broken. somebody, repair
    3 Frank drinks too much alcohol. not, drink so much
    7 Bob often forgets to wash his hands. not forget
    1 John gets up at 7 and is usually late for school. get up, early
    4 He doesn't help his mum very much. help, more
    8 Eve is still sleeping. somebody, wake up
    2 Bob and Jane are late. hurry up
    9 Jack mustn't know about that! nobody, tell
    6 Jane wants to go there alone. not, alone
    5 His parents don't have enough money. work, harder

    Exercise 5

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    • Preložte. Všímajte si použitie podmienkových viet a časov.

    11 I won't buy it unless it costs less than 20 dollars.
    4 Don't buy it unless you really need it.
    8 If he finds out, he'll be angry.
    2 He'll be fat if he eats too much.
    5 If I have time, I'll come.
    6 He won't do it unless we help him.
    7 He'll do it if you ask him.
    10 If she comes, I'll call you.
    9 You shouldn't enter unless they tell you.
    1 If I see her, I'll tell her.
    12 He won't make enough money unless he works twelve hours a day.
    3 You won't get there unless you have a ticket.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte správne slovo.

    9 It's too late. We'd go now.
    5 Do you wear glasses? Yes, but I'm not them today.
    10 How come there were no women the guests?
    7 You'd ask somebody if you don't know.
    1 Is she tall? Yes, she is a head than me!
    3 Either you call him I'll do it.
    2 She eats nor drinks and she looks tired.
    8 It's too hard for her. I think that we help her.
    4 She speaks neither English Spanish.
    6 It's freezing today. The temperature is zero.

    Naučte sa užitočné ustálené spojenie: How come? Po slovensky znamená: Ako to?

    Exercise 7

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    • Preložte podmienkové súvetia - zero conditional. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Keď sa poponáhľaš, stihneš to. hurry, you, can make it
    7 Keď dosť nespíš, cítiš sa unavený. not sleep enough, feel tired
    1 Ak to vieš, tak to povedz! know, say
    9 Keď veľa ješ, tak tlstneš. eat too much, get fat
    2 Ak to chce, nech mi zavolá. want, let, call
    5 Ak potrebujú peniaze, nech požiadajú rodičov. need money, ask their parents
    8 Ak ti nie je dobre, choď k doktorovi. not feel well, go to the doctor's
    4 Ak si hladný, tak sa najedz. be hungry, eat something
    3 Ak máte záujem, dajte mi vedieť. be interested, let know

    Get fat znamená stlstnúť, stučnieť - stať sa tlstým (fat je tlstý, ale tiež tučný).

    Exercise 8

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky do podmienkových súvetí.

    • 1 If you're cold,
    • 2 Don't eat it
    • 3 If he's still sleeping,
    • 4 She should have a rest
    • 5 If he needs to speak to her,
    • 6 We should hurry up
    • 7 If you don't know,
    • 8 You'll be tired,
    • a you should wake him up.
    • g if you don't sleep enough.
    • c you should get dressed.
    • e if we want to catch the bus.
    • h he should call her.
    • f ask somebody.
    • d if you don't like it.
    • b if she feels tired.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodnú predložku.

    6 I'm leaving for/to/at work in ten minutes.
    3 He went at/to/for work but I'm still on/in/at bed.
    15 Only children above/beyond/over 15 years old can go there.
    14 There's somebody past/behind/beyond the door. I can hear it.
    4 She isn't used at/for/to working hard.
    1 I'll wait on/for/at you on/at/to the airport.
    7 He's usually at/in/on home among/between/behind 4 and 8 p.m.
    12 Temperatures will be over/above/beyond zero.
    5 We'll meet before/beside/outside the shop.
    13 She stood on/by/to the window. I could see her from outside.
    2 What can you see on/in/to the photo?
    11 I couldn't see her between/among/from the other students.
    8 Don't sit at/on/in the floor. Let's sit at/to/next that table.
    10 Is it far from here? No, It's just over/around/behind the corner.
    9 I won't be on/at/to work tomorrow.

    Slovo over je aj prídavné meno a tvorí dôležité ustálené spojenie be over - skončiť, byť na konci. Napr.: It's (all) over. - “Je po všetkom., Je koniec.” ap.

    Exercise 10

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Dajte pozor na správne predložky.

    3 Frank je stále v práci.
    2 O koľkej odchádzaš do školy?
    1 Idem do práce.
    11 Aký je medzi nimi rozdiel?
    13 Sú medzi nimi nejaké deti?
    6 Vytiahni to z tašky.
    8 Môžem sedieť medzi vami?
    7 Vonku je pod nulou.
    5 Daj to do auta.
    14 Žijú mimo mesto.
    10 Môžem si sadnúť vedľa teba?
    12 Čo je za týmito dverami?
    9 Bob zajtra odchádza do Londýna.
    15 Choďte až za most a odbočte vľavo.
    4 Budem u mamy.

    Rozumiete tomuto citátu?: Once we accept our limits, we go beyond them. (Môžete použiť slovník - once tu znamená keď) Viete, kto je jeho autorom?

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    3 My mum is still work and my brother is school.
    7 Take it of the bags and put it the car.
    4 If there are 20 people. There won't be enough room.
    8 You can get inside that door.
    10 I hope that the problems are us now. I'm tired of it.
    9 I couldn't see her all the people. She's very short.
    5 Do you mind if I sit next you?
    6 What is the difference them?
    1 The bus is in front of the car, so the car is the bus.
    2 If he isn't inside the house, he must be (the house).

    Slová inside a outside sú v angličtine aj príslovky vnútri a vonku.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte.

    10 Kúpim mu psa, pokiaľ sa o neho bude starať.
    9 Pokiaľ to bude možné, urobím to.
    4 Bude nahnevaná, ak tam pôjdeš.
    7 Ak nebude pršať, pôjdeme von.
    6 Kto to urobí, keď ona odíde?
    8 Keď budeš veľa jesť, budeš tučný.
    2 Ak to pošle, dám ti vedieť.
    5 Čo budeme robiť, ak John nepríde?
    1 Ak máš strach, zostaň doma.
    3 Nerob to, pokiaľ ti nepoviem.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte can, could alebo should.

    7 Children môžu cause problems.
    4 It's dangerous. Children by nemali use it.
    1 It's ten to six. The bus by mal be here in ten minutes.
    5 She's too young. Someone by mal help her.
    2 John knows that. He by mohol help you.
    6 I really don't like him. I nemôžem stand him.
    9 We'll all be there. Will you môcť come?
    3 He was old and nemohol get up.
    10 How long will it take? – It nemalo by take long.
    8 We need help. Who by sme sa mali we turn to?

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte.

    2 Budem doma o šiestej (večer).
    7 Mal byť späť medzi 6. a 7.
    11 Má na sebe červené šaty. (ona)
    15 Ako sa vám to páčilo?
    1 Mohli by ste mi to poslať?
    13 Som zvyknutý na skoré vstávanie.
    8 Mal by som už radšej ísť.
    18 Pripadalo mi to celkom zaujímavé.
    17 Choďte hore po schodoch.
    10 Mali by s tým niečo robiť.
    14 Buď mu to povieš ty alebo ja!
    9 Mal by si byť opatrnejší.
    4 Nemal by si tu fajčiť.
    12 Nosíte okuliare?
    16 Nezaujímam sa o autá.
    5 Mohol by som sa k vám pridať?
    6 To by nemal byť problém.
    3 Bolo to včera v televízii.

    Termínom handsome ˈhændsəm, ktorým naznačujeme príjemné, ostré rysy, označujeme hlavne mužov. V spojitosti so ženami a deťmi sa používa skôr pretty ˈprɪtɪ (pekný), alebo silnejšie beautiful ˈbjuːtɪfəl (krásny), pretože naznačujú jemné rysy. Oboma výrazmi možno označiť i veci, miesta ap. Attractive əˈtræktɪv (príťažlivý) a good-looking gʊdˈlʊkɪŋ (pekný) sa vzťahuje ako na mužov, tak aj na ženy.

    Spojenie: by my watch znamená: podľa mojich hodiniek (je toľko hodín.) My watch is slow. znamená: Idú mi pozadu hodinky. (slow - pomalý) Naopak: My watch is fast. je: Hodinky mi idú dopredu. (fast - rýchly)