Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Przetłumacz.

    1 Do you rent or own your home?
    2 How long have you lived here?
    3 We used to live outside the city.
    4 They live in downtown Chicago.
    5 We don't have enough savings to buy a house.
    6 We had to take out a mortgage.
    7 We'll be repaying it for 20 years.
    8 They spent a lot of money on furniture.
    9 They fell in love at first sight.
    10 Our landlord increased the rent.
    11 The rent went up by 30 per cent.
    12 We moved in recently.
    13 I'll give you a tour of the house.
    14 Can you describe it in more detail?
    15 We'll have a barbecue in the backyard.

    Rooms to rent to pokoje do wynajęcia, a House for sale to dom na sprzedaż.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpowiedz na pytania zgodnie z początkowym tekstem.

    1 How many miles does he travel to work and back every day?
    2 How much has the landlord increased the rent?
    3 Is it true that the Johnsons are both American by birth?
    4 How long has Mrs Johnson been married to Mr Johnson?
    5 Did the Johnsons keep their old downtown apartment?
    6 How many cars can be parked in their garage?
    7 Did the Johnsons live together before their marriage?
    8 Which room in the Johnsons' house has a balcony?
    9 Do the Johnsons want to have more children?
    10 Does Mrs Johnson like cooking?

    !!!

    Exercise 3

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    • Połącz zdania.

    • 1 I'm really bad at DIY.
    • 2 Is there an attic in your house?
    • 3 Do you have kids?
    • 4 Do you rent or own?
    • 5 I don't commute.
    • 6 We don't have enough savings.
    • 7 How long have you lived here?
    • 8 What does it look like?
    • a We have a flat of our own.
    • b I work from home.
    • c I can't repair anything.
    • d We'll have to take out a mortgage.
    • e No, but we want to start a family.
    • f We moved in only recently.
    • g Can you describe it to me?
    • h No, but we have a large basement.

    Skrót DIY został utworzony od wyrazów do-it-yourself (zrób to sam). Można go użyć także w funkcji przymiotnika. Np.: DIY man to majsterkowicz, DIY shop to sklep dla majsterkowiczów itp.

    Exercise 4

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    • Wybierz odpowiednie słowo.

    1 I didn't plan on meeting him. We met of/by/in accident.
    2 We didn't get anything in/on/at return for our help.
    3 There was no one else with him. He was all in/on/by himself.
    4 They saved him at/of/from being homeless.
    5 I'm afraid our bus is late. - No, it's on/at/in schedule.
    6 I know that for true/sure/hard. I heard him saying that.
    7 I can't go there tonight. Can you go there instead at/in/of me?
    8 They don't have their own home. They live in suburbs/utilities/lodgings.
    9 I paid 37 dollars instead of 31. They exchanged/overcharged/tipped me.
    10 Are you coming to the party? - No, I'm not in the sight/mood/case for it.

    We have people coming over. oznacza: Ktoś ma do nas przyjść., Będziemy mieć gości. itp. My friends are coming over. - Przyjdą do mnie koledzy.

    Exercise 5

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    • Wysłuchaj nagrania i ustal, czy twierdzenie jest prawdziwe (true), czy fałszywe (false).

    1 There's no front yard at the Johnsons' house.
    2 Mr Johnson is quite good at DIY.
    3 The home prices are higher now than they were 5 years ago.
    4 The Johnsons already have two kids.
    5 They'll be repaying their mortgage for more than 15 years.
    6 They bought a house which they liked at first sight.
    7 Guests can sleep on the second floor of their house.
    8 Up to eight people can eat in the kitchen.

    Exercise 6

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    • !

    1 Wynajmujemy małe mieszkanie. We a small flat.
    2 Właściciel podniósł czynsz. The landlord has the rent.
    3 Mieszkałem na stancji. I lived in .
    4 Mamy przestronny salon. We have a spacious room.
    5 Potrzebuję własny pokój. I need a room of my .
    6 Pracuję na pół etatu z domu. I work from home.
    7 Jest to trzypokojowe mieszkanie. It's a flat.
    8 Chcieliby założyć rodzinę. They'd like to a family.

    Start oznacza w języku polskim nie tylko rozpocząć, ale także założyć coś lub uruchomić. Np.: start a business - rozpocząć działalność gospodarczą, He started a company. - Założył firmę.

    Exercise 7

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    • Przepisz zdania, używając form skróconych.

    1 How is your family? - your family?
    2 How has he been doing? - he been doing?
    3 He is really sorry. - really sorry.
    4 He has done a bad thing. - done a bad thing.
    5 They had been there before. - been there before.
    6 You had better go now. - better go now.
    7 I cannot tell you. He would be angry. - I tell you. be angry.
    8 I would love to see it. - love to see it.
    9 I would have come but I could not. - I come but I .

    Exercise 8

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    • Wybierz odpowiedni wyraz.

    1 I can't do anything. I'm powerless/powerful/powering.
    2 It can be very dangerous. You should be careless/cared/careful.
    3 How do you deal of/after/with commuting and traffic jams?
    4 We love water. We had a fence/lounge/pool built behind the house.
    5 I'm sorry for not had/have/having replied before.
    6 I had it repaired. - How much did they cost/charge/price you for that?
    7 It must have cost/costed/costing a lot of money.
    8 You should book the tickets on/at/in advance.
    9 He has to go in/on/by car. He feels sick when travelling in/by/on the bus.
    10 Take the underground if you don't want to be stuck in a traffic ham/jam/yard.
    11 A one-room flat is usually called a lounge/studio/living apartment in American English.

    Be stuck oznacza utknąć. Get stuck (zmiana stanu) w języku polskim oznacza utknąć (zacząć). Np.: I got stuck in jam. - Utknąłem w korku.

    Exercise 9

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    • Połącz zdania o podobnym znaczeniu.

    • 1 She's downstairs.
    • 2 She loves cooking.
    • 3 They don't live here anymore.
    • 4 Utility costs have gone up.
    • 5 Someone has to do it.
    • 6 They took out a mortgage.
    • 7 They live in lodgings.
    • 8 There's no garage in my house.
    • a They borrowed money from a bank.
    • b I have to park my car outside.
    • c They pay for living in that room.
    • d It needs to be done.
    • e It's more expensive to use the flat now.
    • f She's in the kitchen all the time.
    • g She's on the ground floor.
    • h They've moved to another city.

    Uwaga! Pożyczyć coś komuś to lend (something to somebody), ale pożyczyć sobie coś od kogoś to borrow (something from somebody). Np.: Can you lend me your car? - Możesz mi pożyczyć samochód? ALE Can I borrow your car? - Mogę pożyczyć twój samochód? Czasownik lend jest nieregularny: lent (PT) - lent (PP).

    Exercise 10

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    • Zamień na zdania w czasie future continuous. Zwróć uwagę na analogie.

    1 I'll wait there.
    2 We were watching him.
    3 Who will do that?
    4 I won't stay.
    5 I was working on it.
    6 I'm feeling tired.
    7 We were eating out.
    8 What were you wearing?
    9 Who's looking after them?
    10 I've been watching you.

    Exercise 11

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    • Uzupełnij zdania zgodnie z kontekstem.

    1 He been watching TV since morning.
    2 There's a in our house because we like to sit by the fire.
    3 He's in the now taking a shower.
    4 There's a high white around our back yard.
    5 I'm really glad to seen you.
    6 We have a big dining table. It can be used by to 8 people.
    7 There's a fireplace and a TV in the room downstairs.
    8 There's a lot of for storing things in the basement.
    9 There'll be a double for me and my husband in the bedroom.

    Uwaga na różnice: double bed - łoże małżeńskie (łóżko podwójne) ALE: twin bed to dwa pojedyncze łóżka (w pokoju hotelowym itp.). Twin twɪn znaczy bliźniak.

    Exercise 12

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    • Uzupełnij zdania za pomocą odpowiedniej formy zgodnie z podpowiedzią.

    1 You should've call me yesterday.
    2 I'd speak with him it before she arrived.
    3 I'd help her right now if she ask me.
    4 We've own the house for some 10 years.
    5 He's been read it for hours.
    6 We didn't have money so we have to take out a mortgage.
    7 I'm glad to have see it.
    8 She's be married to him for 10 years.

    Exercise 13

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    • Przetłumacz. Skorzystaj z podpowiedzi.

    1 Wokół ogrodu jest wysoki płot.
    fence
    2 Na dole jest duży salon.
    living room
    3 Kazali zbudować sobie basen.
    pool
    4 Wydali wszystkie swoje oszczędności.
    savings
    5 Lubi siedzieć przy kominku.
    fireplace
    6 Będą was oczekiwać.
    expect
    7 Wynajmuje trzypokojowe mieszkanie.
    two-bedroom flat
    8 Właściciel podniósł czynsz o 10 procent.
    increase
    9 Potrzebują własny dom.
    home
    10 Zbudowali całkiem nowy dom.
    brand-new
    11 Oprowadzę pana po domu.
    give, tour
    12 Znalezienie mieszkania w przystępnej cenie jest prawie niemożliwe.
    affordable
    13 Policzyli mi za dużo. (przy płaceniu)
    overcharge

    Realtor to w amerykańskim angielskim agent nieruchomości lub agencja nieruchomości. Np. We sold our home through a realtor. - Sprzedaliśmy dom przez agencję nieruchomości. W Wielkiej Brytanii częściej używa się określenia estate agent ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənt ewent. estate agency ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənsɪ.

    Exercise 14

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    • Zamień brytyjskie zdania na zdania w amerykańskim angielskim.

    1 The bill please!
    2 I've run out of petrol.
    3 I'm hungry, mum!
    4 I'll have chips.
    5 We'll watch a film.
    6 We live on the second floor.
    7 I've bought new trousers.
    8 We'll take the underground.
    9 I live in a block of flats.
    10 I left it in the boot of my car.
    11 What's on at the cinema?
    12 He was hit by a lorry.

    Zwrotu ze stroną bierną: be hit by zwykle używa się do opisu sytuacji, w których kogoś potrąci samochód. Np.: She was hit by a passing car. - Została potrącona przez przejeżdżający samochód.

    Exercise 15

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    • Uzupełnij zdania w ten sposób, by miały przeciwne znaczenie. Tam gdzie to możliwe, użyj prefiksów lub sufiksów.

    1 She has children. - She's .
    2 They have a home. - They're .
    3 She looked happy. - She looked .
    4 They were careful. - They were .
    5 It'll be painful. - It'll be .
    6 Their names are known. - Their names are .
    7 He's powerful. - He's .
    8 She's female. - He's .
    9 He became a waiter. - She became a .
    10 We met three Englishmen. - We met three .

    Neighbourhood ˈneɪbəˌhʊd można przetłumaczyć jako sąsiedztwo, choć w zasadzie jest to dzielnica lub część miasta, w której ktoś mieszka. Np. in our neighbourhood - w naszej okolicy. Wyraz ten w amerykańskim angielskim zapisuje się jako neighborhood, podobnie jak w przypadku neighbour - (w AmE) neighbor itp.

    Exercise 16

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    • Przetłumacz.

    1 Przeprowadzili się do nowego domu.
    2 Teraz mieszka poza miastem.
    3 Spełniliśmy swoje marzenie.
    4 Codziennie dojeżdżam do pracy.
    5 Wzięliśmy kredyt hipoteczny.
    6 Będę na górze. (na piętrze)
    7 Przeprowadzamy się do innego miasta.
    8 Miło to słyszeć.
    9 Mieszkam tu już 5 lat.
    10 Będzie musiał mieszkać na stancji.
    11 To była miłość od pierwszego wejrzenia.
    12 Został potrącony przez samochód.
    13 Wie pan to na pewno?
    14 Zrobiłem to przez pomyłkę.
    15 Spotkaliśmy się przypadkiem.
    16 Utknąłem w korku.
    17 Musiał o tym wiedzieć.
    18 Powinieneś był mi to powiedzieć.

    Wyrazu landlord (land - ziemia + lord - pan) zwykle używa się w odniesieniu do właściciela nieruchomości, który ją wynajmuje. Ale uwaga! Właścicielka to landlady ˈlændˌleɪdɪ. Wynajmujący to po angielsku tenant ˈtεnənt. Wynajem to lease liːs.

    Sunbathe (opalać się) to w języku angielskim dosłownie “kąpać się w słońcu” lub “brać kąpiel słoneczną”: sun (słońce) + bathe beɪð (kąpać się).